Maddie, Author at Siris

0191 5131313 | hello@siris.co.uk

0191 5131313 | hello@siris.co.uk

PRODUCT SHOWCASE: FLUMES & WEIRS

Maddie on November 14, 2023

What is flow monitoring?

Flow monitoring is used for many reasons including system control and regulatory purposes. Flow monitoring can be carried out throughout a variety of means to establish a flow rate.

Primary and Secondary Devices in a Flow System

In order to set up a flow system you have to set up both a primary and secondary device.

Primary device examples include V-notch, rectangular weir or flume, the secondary device is the flow metre that is associated with either option.

V-Notch Weirs

Features:

Typically used on final effluent, not to be used on inlets.
Used when flow rate is quite low, 5-10L per second.
Secondary devices could be an ultrasonic sensor or a radar. Radars do not need a sun shield as their readings are not affected by temperature.

Issues we find with V-notch weirs

Insufficient Maintenance
Incorrect sensor positioning
No sun shade for ultrasonic sensors
Inaccurate flow calculations during set-up
Turbulence and Foaming

Flumes

Typically seen on inlet but can also be used on final effluent if good hydraulics are apparent.

Issues we find with flumes

Insufficient Maintenance
Incorrect Flume Sizing
Unsuitable approach conditions

Magnetic Flow Meters

Can be used on both pump lines and gravity lines.

Issues we find with MAG Meters

Installation too close to another meter
Incorrect use with partial flow
Insufficient Maintenance
Insufficient Approach
Incorrect Sizing

PRODUCT SHOWCASE: SIRIS SAMPLERS

Maddie on October 26, 2023

What are wastewater samplers?

Wastewater samplers are used to automatically collect samples from different applications such as enclosed pipes or open channels. Companies can analyse and monitor the discharge as per requirements, a key benefit is that this process does not require any manual labour.

Siris Vacuum Samplers

Appropriate for open channels such as flumes and weir tanks, the equipment uses an internal vacuum pump to draw a sample from a deep pit or confined space. Composite sampling helps to provide a more comprehensive picture of water quality, PH, temperature and turbidity levels.

Benefits:

Refrigerated
Cooling fan at the back of the sampler prevents bacterial growth within the samples.

Single or Multi-bottle Options
The most popular choice with our customer base is the multi-bottle choice because this gives a full representation of a weeks worth of samples. The multi-bottle option is also pre-programmable and the equipment will rotate on command as requested.

Compliant and Proven
Tried and tested across the UK and Europe, our samplers meet all environmental agency and ISO 5667 requirements.

Siris Guillotine Sampler

Also known as an inline sampler…guillotine samplers are strictly for closed channel applications. Collecting samples via the air valve and piston automatically firing into the pipe line, drawing back and gathering the water.

Robust and Weather-durable
Great in adverse weather conditions, they can be installed indoors or outdoors.

The Siris Service Promise

Step 1. Ascertain your needs
Every application is different so we need to gather as much information as possible to ensure we get the right type of sampler for you. This may include requesting pictures or possibly a site visit to assess need.

Step 2. Quotation
Our expert team will put a quote together based on the initial enquiry and send details over to you.

Step 3. Build your system
Once your quotation has been approved we will begin getting all the correct parts and components ready in our workshop.

Step 4. Delivery and Installation
If Siris complete the shipment we can install the sampler for you or we can liaise with a third party contractor.

Step 5. Service Agreement
We will visit your site and fully service the sampler, check and ensure that it is operating correctly. We can change sampler settings such as frequency or rotation times for you and carry out fault-finding tests then replace parts that may have worn over time. Our experts will also provide best practice advice to your team.

Case Study: Local Wastewater Plant Flume Size Testing

Maddie on October 2, 2023

The Client Needs

A local wastewater plant client had concerns over the ability of their incumbent flow meter system to meet flow demands. The inlet was estimated at some 40+ years old and the profile of the local community that it served had changed considerably during this time. Greater levels of effluent now needed to pass through the inlet safely and be recorded accurately. There were identified concerns about existing measures in place to meet Flow Pass Forward and stormwater monitoring requirements.

Testing Planning

The originally-tested capacity of the flume was 45L per second, but the system now needed to be tested for flow of up to 64L per second to meet its potential demand.

Our team were tasked with testing the flume and flow monitoring system to ensure that it could cope with the increased demand and to check for multiple potential calibration risks – given the flume was now required to be utilised above its official design criteria. In particular we tested for:

Poor flow control within the flume: Checking that turbulence did not increase above levels required for reliable metre readings and that the current system would be suitable for higher flows.
Ensuring free flow discharge conditions: Checking and verifying that flow would not go into drown conditions under increased pressure, which would risk inaccurate readings and compromise the entire system. A flume reaches a drowned state when the flow out of the flume is restricted to the point where the free flow discharge equation is no longer valid, over-indicating the measured flow rate.

Testing Completed

Our testing equipment included 2 electromagnetic flow metres that we incorporated into the works to monitor flow capacity and rates. We also blocked off the storm overflow system as this is only to be used for discharge in genuine environmental cases. We then tested the flume at varying flow rates, with the following outcomes:

In the video below we can see 50L per second flowing well and the final effluent is clean and slightly above the current normal
69L per second again showed controlled conditions and was just above what the client processing requirements
We then increased the flow to 73L per second, at which point the effluent started to move into a drowned state
Finally, at 76L per second, we witnessed a definite drowned state

The Outcome

Using our expert teams, we were able to use accurate testing conditions, calibration expertise and appropriate equipment to allow for a high level of confidence in the ability of the inlet capacity to cope with the increased flow demands.

We were able to pass the flume as being suitable to cope with the increased flow while maintaining accuracy levels, meaning the inlet did not need to be replaced and we can continue to service and inspect as appropriate.

Is your system able to cope with its current requirements?

Talk to the team today about how we can help.

CASE STUDY: Calibration for Wastewater Treatment Plant

Maddie on October 2, 2023

This client was using a storm river v-notch that was measuring flow directly from the storm overspill into the …

Wastewater Surveillance Increasingly Important in Monitoring Public Health

Maddie on August 9, 2023

IS WASTEWATER SURVEILLANCE THE ANSWER TO PUBLIC HELATH MONITORING?

Wastewater surveillance has gained prominence across the world since its use during the Covid-19 pandemic. Also known as Wastewater-Based Epidemiology – (WBE for short), it can give fast and cost-effective insight into; the spread of infection diseases; emergence of new pathogens/variants; community drug use; and markers of antimicrobial resistance for local authorities and national governments and their public health planning.

There are clear wins in the use of wastewater surveillance, but its widespread adoption relies on investment in the required infrastructure, reporting systems and processes to make its data of real value, both at a local and an international level.

In this article we discuss the growth of wastewater surveillance, its applications & benefits and its potential for future use.

Introduction to Wastewater Surveillance

A simple yet effective method

Wastewater surveillance has existed for decades, with one of the first widely-reported uses of WBE being a project to understand the spread of polio led by team of scientists in the 1930s. It is typically used not only to monitor infectious pathogens, but also the use of pharmaceuticals (both prescribed and illicit) within local communities.

It works by analysing chemicals, pathogens and biomarkers that are shed through urine and faeces into public wastewater systems – using their concentrations to understand trends and patterns in any given population. Samples are taken from the wastewater flow before they are analysed and the associated data processed, interpreted and reported.

Wastewater Surveillance During Covid-19

An unexpected ally in the testing strategy

The Covid-19 pandemic ignited the use of wastewater monitoring across the world, with many countries using it to understand patterns and trends in the spread of the virus and some using WBE for the first time. Some governments even introduced formal national wastewater surveillance systems.

As vaccinations led to more asymptomatic cases and testing schedules were loosened, WBE played an increasing role in ongoing tracking of virus levels in populations – giving consistent data in a way that did not rely on individual testing and even provided early warning indicators in advance of an outbreak. It also allowed for early detection of new variants.

The UK Health Security Agency announced early in 2023 that it would cease the weekly household Covid infection testing report, instead replacing it with “Wastewater-based epidemiology…likely to be of significant importance in the future, both domestically and internationally….exploring further opportunities for this technology.”

Why Wastewater Surveillance?

A cost-effective solution with reliable and unbiased data.

The Covid-19 pandemic ignited the use of wastewater monitoring across the world, with many countries using it to understand patterns and trends in the spread of the virus and some using WBE for the first time. Some governments even introduced formal national wastewater surveillance systems.

As vaccinations led to more asymptomatic cases and testing schedules were loosened, WBE played an increasing role in ongoing tracking of virus levels in populations – giving consistent data in a way that did not rely on individual testing and even provided early warning indicators in advance of an outbreak. It also allowed for early detection of new variants.

The UK Health Security Agency announced early in 2023 that it would cease the weekly household Covid infection testing report, instead replacing it with “Wastewater-based epidemiology…likely to be of significant importance in the future, both domestically and internationally….exploring further opportunities for this technology.”

Costs

The cost of testing individuals can be extremely costly. During the pandemic, the UK government spent almost 30bn on the Test & Trace scheme. Wastewater surveillance, by comparison, is extremely cost effective, allowing more reliable and consistent testing of a whole population at one time.

Non-Invasive

Wastewater can be sampled anonymously and without any reliance on human interaction. This not only removes the barrier of perceived stigma from data subjects, but also means multiple people can be tested simultaneously without any effort on their part.

Unbiased

Individual testing relies on the consent of data subjects, which can cause bias in not only the selection of people, but also the analysis of conjunctive health-related data of the subjects. Wastewater epidemiology, by contrast, is an unbiased testing method, with no individual data available.

Quickness

The sheer ability to sample and analyse multiple subjects (sometimes up to hundreds of thousands) through one test, rather than individual ones, drastically reduces the required resources and processing time involved to collate widespread data. Its ability to detect pathogens even when subjects are asymptomatic means it is faster at identifying outbreaks, and data outputs can be quickly connected to alert systems for those responsible for acting.

Reliable Data

Relying on individuals to carry out and report on individual tests leaves the data open to inaccuracy. Wastewater surveillance is set up and processed by expert teams, who understand their field and the importance of data controls. WBE is also able to give more detailed data than some traditional monitoring methods. For example, monitoring the consumption of prescribed drugs through prescription levels does not take into account those drugs that are not consumed. Conversely, WBE only measures the metabolites of those drugs that have actually been taken.

Uses of Wastewater Surveillance

A flexible option for public health monitoring

WBE is increasingly being seen as a cost-effective way of gathering reliable data and and there are active efforts across the globe to increase its use in public health tracking while exploring further opportunities for the sharing of data on a national and international scale.

Some of its growing uses include:

1. Tracking infectious diseases and outbreaks

Much as with the Covid-19 pandemic, many other disease levels can be tracked through wastewater surveillance. Any virus/bacterial infection where pathogens are reliably shed through urine and/or faeces can generate the necessary biomarkers to be sampled.

This is important not only for new outbreaks, but also for new variants of existing pandemics and diseases – as well as to see how a particular outbreak is spreading. By tracking not only the presence but also the concentration of the shed load, data on the severity of an outbreak can be generated. Diseases such as polio, covid, measles, hepatitis and norovirus have all been successfully monitored through wastewater surveillance. In 2021, India set up a wastewater surveillance system to detect cases of Mpox and influenza for example. In the US, some aviation companies are already collaborating to test the sewage generated on flights, in an effort to understand how this could be used to monitor and restrict international spread of diseases.

Some work is still to be done in validating the reliability of all WBE for this purpose, but it is certainly proving a useful tool for many governments.

2. Illicit drug consumption

Many drugs generate metabolites when being processed by the human body, which are then shed in urine/faeces. Alcohol, nicotine, meth, amphetamine, cocaine and many more non-prescribed drugs give off reliable biomarkers following metabolism. The European Monitoring Centre for Drugs & Addiction has a fascinating geographical chart to show usage across the EU https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/html/pods/waste-water-analysis_en. Reasons for tracking illicit drug consumption include; planning for public health spend; using the insight to build public health campaigns; cross-referencing the data with other sources (e.g. fatal overdoses); and feeding into law enforcement agencies to identify where and when drugs are entering society.

3. Prescribed drugs consumption

WBE can be used to track discrepancies in the levels of prescribed drugs vs. levels of the drugs actually taken. Many people do not finish courses/discard drugs/sell them on/access them from illegal sources – merely looking at prescription data is not always reliable in giving a picture of how populations are using drugs. Again, much as with illegal drugs, this data can help inform public health campaigns (e.g. finish your antibiotics course) and target areas of misuse – in particular prescription drugs being sourced from non-regulated suppliers.

The concentration levels of drugs can also give a picture into the prevalence of illnesses/conditions within local populations. For example WBE has been used to track levels of erectile disfunction in local populations through metabolites of Viagra active ingredients and the rising trend in weight loss drugs is also being monitored in some countries – all drug types that carry stigma and may force people to seek illegal supply.

4. Detection of AMR

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) happens when bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi mutate enough that they are no longer treatable with existing medicines. This makes them much harder to treat and poses a real risk to society. WBE can detect the presence of using metagenomic techniques to track resistomes in AM genes and give data on their prevalence, type and spread.

5. Understanding Impact of Hazardous Substances

Wastewater monitoring for hazardous and toxic materials is already widespread – being used by regulating authorities such as the Environment Agency to check that water companies and industrial operators are not polluting waters. This type of monitoring can also be used to track levels of hazardous substances such as plastics, pesticides and chemicals that have been ingested by humans. It can then be used in this way to measure the public exposure to potentially harmful substances – even with large-scale leaks during negative industrial events (e.g. nuclear waste/chemical spills). The data can then be correlated to incidences of illnesses and conditions that could be linked to public exposure to these hazardous substances.

Future of Wastewater Surveillance

A developing opportunity

The opportunity for use of wastewater surveillance in public health monitoring and planning is clear – across a range of applications. Future disease outbreaks, drug consumption trends and levels of exposure of communities to hazardous substances and bacteria all hold the potential to be tracked through WBE. Its quick assimilation of data on large numbers of subjects makes it a cost-effective and speedy option for many countries going forward.

Key to adoption and ongoing success is the level of investment in collaborative, comprehensive reporting systems and the required R&D and expertise to tackle any current concerns around unreliability of data. Automation, AI and robotics may all play their part in moving forward the opportunity for wastewater surveillance to create a sustainable model of WBE that can be adopted on an international scale.

Until then ongoing individual projects and concept testing will continue to give insight into the costs and benefits of how it could be best used going forward. Since Covid-19, the world has had a glimpse into the opportunities that WBE presents and an ongoing curiosity will drive forward further understanding of the purposes for which it could be used. Whether as part of wider surveillance strategies, or as a stand-alone methodology, we’re sure wastewater surveillance will be here to stay.

Require wastewater surveillance guidance?

Talk to the team today about your requirements.

SIRIS MCERTS INSPECTIONS BOLSTERS TEAM WITH NEW ADDITION

Maddie on July 27, 2023

We are delighted to welcome new team member Paul Gray to the SIRIS MCERTS Inspections team as Trainee MCERTS Inspector & Project Support.

With decades of experience in project management and IT provision for sectors such as transport, leisure and public sector, Paul is looking to transfer his excellent eye for detail to the wastewater industry.

“Working to deadlines across multiple projects comes naturally to me and the opportunity to work in the SIRIS MCERTS Inspections team really stood out. I have always enjoyed a hands-on role, visiting different locations and dealing with varying business stakeholders. This role affords me not only the chance to do that but also to work in a compliance-led culture, where I am able to focus on the details.”

Paul has already made a fantastic start within the team, heading out on visits to both large and small sites, including water companies, reservoirs, MOD sites and commercial operators.

“The team has been so welcoming, and it has been fascinating learning the various layers of operation that go into the water and effluent sector. The variation in sites is huge and there is a huge sense of satisfaction in supporting the different operator types within the industry to strive for industry excellence. I’m looking forward to helping to drive a commitment to quality standards in all those we work with.”

Paul

Director Chris added,

“Paul has been a great addition to the team already and we are looking forward to him continuing to strengthen our expertise and provision. Driving forward industry standards and ensuring compliance is as important as ever to the sector and we are proud to support the industry in achieving this.”

Director Chris added,

“Paul has been a great addition to the team already and we are looking forward to him continuing to strengthen our expertise and provision. Driving forward industry standards and ensuring compliance is as important as ever to the sector and we are proud to support the industry in achieving this.”